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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Watterson estimator ： ウィキペディア英語版 Watterson estimator In population genetics, the Watterson estimator is a method for estimating the population mutation rate, $\backslash theta\; =\; 4N\_e\backslash mu$, where $N\_e$ is the effective population size and $\backslash mu$ is the per-generation mutation rate of the population of interest (). The assumptions made are that there is a sample of ''n'' haploid individuals from the population of interest, that there are infinitely many sites capable of varying (so that mutations never overlay or reverse one another), and that $n\; \backslash ll\; N\_e$. The estimate of $\backslash theta$, often denoted as $$, is : $$ = , where ''K'' is the number of segregating sites (an example of a segregating site would be a single-nucleotide polymorphism) in the sample and : $$ a_n = \sum^_ is the (''n'' − 1)th harmonic number. This estimate is based on coalescent theory. Watterson's estimator is commonly used for its simplicity. When its assumptions are met, the estimator is unbiased and the variance of the estimator decreases with increasing sample size or recombination rate. However, the estimator can be biased by population structure. For example, $$ is downwardly biased in an exponentially growing population. It can also be biased by violation of the infinite-sites mutational model; if multiple mutations can overwrite one another, Watterson's estimator will be biased downward. == See also == * Tajima's D * Coupon collector's problem * Ewens sampling formula 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Watterson estimator」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.